BOTANICAL NAME : CLERODENDRUM SERRATUM
FAMILY : VERBENACEA
LITERARY REVIEW
On review of literature it is observed that Bharngi is one of the most common herbs in the Ayurvedic formulation used in the treatment of respiratory disorders, susrutha included it under pippalyadi Gana.
The modern books like Indian medicinal plants, Indian materia medica etc.mentioned the drug Bharngi under the Latin name clerodendrum serratum. However the identity of the drug is still controversial.[1]
BHEDA
- Clerodendron serratum[3]
- Clerodendrum siphonanthus[3]
- Clerodendrum indica[3]
- Premnaherbaceae[3]
1 2 3
SYNONYMS AND THEIR INTERPRETATIONS
- Bharngi : Relieves disease like Kasa etc.[3]
- Bhrigubhava : Originated from sages in Himalaya’s[3]
- Padma : Flowers resemble lotus flowers. [3]
- Brahmana yashtika : The stems are thin and without branches.[3]
- Angaravalli : A plant occurring in wild.[3]
- Kharasaka : The leaves are rough[3]
- Hanjika : The plant is beautiful[3]
- Varshabarbaraka : The plant sprouts in varsharitu[3]
- Bhramarapriya : The flowers are attracted by bees[3]
- Kharapushpa : The flowers are rough[3]
- Kasaghni : Relieves kasa[3]
- Bhangura : The wood breaks easily[3]
- Angaraparni : The plant grows in wild in forest and plains[3]
- Vatari : Useful in vata disease.[3]
- Sakramata : It is capable of relieving disease.[3]
VERNACULAR NAMES
Hindi – Bharangi[3]
Kannada – Gantubharangee[3]
Malayalam – Cheruteku , Kankabharani[3]
Tamil – Cheruteku, Kavali[3]
PRAYOJYANGA
Root [2]
CHEMICAL CONSTITUTION
The Root Bark contains
Phenolic glycoside[7]
Saponine[7]
Serratogenicacid[7]
d – mannitol[20]
β- sistesterol[7]
Hispidulin[7]
PROPERTIES
Rasa : Katu ,Tikta , Kasaya[1]
Guna : Laghu ,Ruksa[1]
Virya : Ushna[1]
Vipaka : Katu[1]
Doshakarma : Kapha – vatasamaka[1]
KARMA
- Kaphaghna[2]
- Kasahara[2]
- Svasahara[2]
- Svedajanana[2]
- Jvaraghna[2]
- Amapacana[2]
- Dipana–pacana[2]
- Krimighna[2]
- Sothahara[2][2]
- Pinasahara[2]
- Vranaropana[2]
PRAYOGA
- Svasa[7]
- Kasa[7]
- Sotha[7]
- Vrana[7]
- Daha[7]
- Jvara[7]
- Pinasa[7]
- Krimi[7]
PHARMACOTHERAPEUTIC ACTION & USES
- The root has bitter, pungent and it is stomachic antihelminthic , antiasthatic drug[19]
- The roots are used in catarrhal and febrile affection, also in malarial fevers and oedema.[2]
- The leaves are useful in snake bite and roots for scorpion sting[2]
- Leaves are antispasmodic , carminative, expectorant[2]
- The root increases appetite, lesion expectoration and useful in inflammation, fever and bronchitis.[2]
THERAPEUTIC USES
- In vanksanavata- Bharngi root is collected in pushya and pounded with Tushodaka. This is given orally to treat inguinal hernia.[1]
- In svasa -Bharngi and sunthi are given with hot water or sunthi, Bharngi and suvarcalavana are to be given together.[1]
- In Gandamala – Application of Bharngi with kanjika[1]
- In vrana – Leaves are used for poultice[7]
- In upadamsajanyasandhivata – the niryasa is useful[7]
FOLKLORE USES
- Leaves can be used for external application in head ache.[13]
- Leaves are used in fever and hiccough[13]
- Root is used for treatment of asthma, cholera [16]
- Leaves are used as vegetables in malarial fever.[13]
RESEARCH STUDIES
- Uncinatone and Pectolinarigenin (isolated from c.indicum) inhibed feeding of adult riceweevil, sitophilus oryzae[1]
- The alcoholic extract and the saponin isolated from the root bark of c.serratum caused release of histamine from the lung tissue of rats. The antihistamine activity of the extract is reported.[1]
- On i.p administration of 0.3mg/kg of saponin in rabbit, the average psuedocholinesterase activity of 45.25 +- 2.5 unit was found to decrease to about 50% and the effect was similar to that observed after 0.04 mg/kg of physostogamine.[1]
- The anticholinesterase activity of the saponine was also considered by acetylcholine response on guinea pig tracheal chain preparation, isolated rat ileum and frog rectus muscles.[1]
MATRA
Mula curna : 3-6 gm[7]
Kwatha curna : 10-20 gms[7]
VISHISHTA YOGAS
- BharngyadiKasaya[7]
- Bharngiguda[7]
- Bharngiavaleha[7]
- Kanakasava[7]
- Mahavatagajanakusa rasa[7]
- Bharngisura[7]