PATALA
Botanical Name : Stereospermumsuaveolens(Roxb) DC
Family : Bignoniaceae
It is botanically identified as Stereospermumsuaveolens D.C which belongs to Bignoniaceae family. The drug is commonly a big tree, documented to posses beneficial effects as cardiotonic , cooling , tonic and diuretic. It overcomes anorexia, difficult breathing, anasarca , piles , vomiting, hiccups and thirst. It is a constituent of Dashamoola.
BHEDA (VARIETIES)
Two varieties have been mentioned by Bhavaprakasha as Patala and Sitapatala. Patala is identified as stereospermumsuaveolens DC and Sitapatala as Stereospermumchelonoides DC, both have similar properties. According to Thakur Balwant Singh, Kastapatala and Moksaka are different varieties of trees. It is identified as SchreberaswientenoidesRoxb(Oleaceae).
Bhavaprakasa has described Moksaka as a separate drug in vatadivarga.
Accordingly Moksaka may not be suitable as synonym for Patala.
PARYAYANAMA (SYNONYMS)
- Patala/Pachli/Ambuvasini
: The flowers are used for scenting water
- Amogha : Used as an important unfailing drug
- Madhuduthi : Flowers contain lot of honey in vasantartu.
- Phaleruha : Big tree emerged from seeds
- Krishnavrantta : Petioles are dark in colour
- Kuberashree : Seeds resemble eye ball
- Kalasthali/Krishnavrantakakusuma
: Flowers are pleasant smelled and full of honey and attracted by bees.
- Thamrapushpi : Flowers are coppery coloured
- Shthiragandha : Flowers have stable aroma
- Kumbipushpi : Flowers resemble pitcher
- Kharachada : Bark is rough
GANA / VARGA
- Charaka – Sothahara
- Sushrutha – Brhatpanchamula , Adhobhagahara,
Aragvadhadi
- Vagbhata – Aragvadhadi
- Kula – Syonakakula
VERNACULAR NAMES
Hindi – Patala ,Pader , Padri , Parral, Padiri
English – Rose flower fragrant
Telugu – Kaligottu, Godallippulusu, Ishikarasi
Kannada – Padarimara ,Hadari , Kalludure
Malayalam – Padiri ,kachasthali , Kuberakshi
Tamil – Padarimaram
Tibetan – Pa ta li dkarpo
Marati – Padal ,Kirsal , Koosga , Padhri
UPAYUKTA ANGA (PARTS USED)
Mulatawak (root,heart, bark),
Leaves,flowers, fruits and seeds.
Description of the part:
Mula occurs in about 6-9 cm long , 1-1.5cm thick cut pieces, cylindrical , extremely externally brown to creamy, rough due to vertical fissures , cracks , ridges and transverse fine lenticels, internally dark brown , lamellation of stratification due to presence of concentric bands of fibers, feature – tough and fibrous , odour – not distinct, taste – bitter.
CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS
Bitter substances, sterols, glycosids and glyco alkaloids.
Root bark contains bitter substance. Lapachol isolated which showed highly significant activity against walker 256 carcinoma.
Lapachol ,Scuttellarrein, Dehydrotectol, ceryl alcohol, oleic, Palmitic, Stearic acid .
Calcium (U.I/mg) – 1670.00
Manganese (U.I/mg) – 5.41
GUNA / KARMA
(PROPERTIES)
Rasa : Tikta, Kashaya
Guna : Laghu ,Ruksa
Virya : Anushna
Vipaka : Katu
Dosha Karma : Tridoshashamaka
Prabhava : Raktabharshamak
FLOWERS AND FRUITS
- Rasa – Kashaya
- Virya – Sita
- Guna – Laghu, Ruksha
- Vipaka – Madhura
ROGAGNAKARMA (PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTION)
- Ruchya
- Shvashaghna
- Shothaghna
- Raktaprakropaka
- Chardhinigrahana
- Hikkanigrahana
- Thrushnanigrahana
- Vedhanasthapana
- Vranaropana
- Grahi
- Yakrathejaka
- Ashmarinashana
- Paustika
- Vajikara
AMAYAKA PRAYOGA (THERAPEUTIC USES)
Patala is bitter, astringent, cardio tonic, cooling, tonic and diuretic. It overcomes anorexia , difficult breathing, ansarca , piles, vomiting, hiccups & thirst. It is constituent of Dashamoola. Root is bitter, healing , useful in kapha andvata and for inflammations, eructations, vomiting , asthma, fevers , diseases of blood. Root bark is cooling , diuretic tonic. Bark is vatakaphashamaka. Fruits and flowers are vatapittashamaka. Flowers are astringent, sweet, agreeable to heart, useful in bleeding diseases and diarrhea. They are vajikar, paustika and sitala and are taken in the form of confection as aphrodisiac. Fruitis useful in hiccough and blood diseases.
Pushpa are used to make water scented. They are vajikara and paushtika. In Hikka, the Rasa of the Pushpa is given with Madhu.
In Madhumeha, asmani and mutraghata, the panchangaksara is given with taila.
In Amla pitta, twakphanta is given.
The ghanakwatha of mula is mixed with taila and applied externally in the Agnidagdha region.
Patala is useful in Kapha and Vatapradhanaroga.
PHARMALOGICAL ACTION
- Antihyperglycemic and antionidant activities.
- Anti inflammatory effect
- Hepatoproteective activity
- Anticancer activity
- Lapachol is a vitamin K antagonist with antitumor activity.
MATHRA (DOSE)
- TwakChoorna – 5-10gms
- Twakkwatha – 25-50mL
- Pushpaswarasa – 10-20mL
- Ksara – 5 gm
AUSHADHAYOGA (FORMULATIONS)
- Brihatpanchamulaadikwatha
- Amritharishta
- Dasamularishta
- Bharangiguda
- Indukantaghrta
- Dhanwantaritailam
- Dasamulakwathachoorna
- Agastya haritakirasayana
- Brihatmasataila
- Darunagaradikwathachoorna
- Dashamoolkathuthraykwathachurna
- Dasamoolsatpalakaghritha
- Madhyama Narayana taila
- Mritasanjivanisura
- Narayana taila
- Sahacharaditaila
- Vayucchayasurendrataila
- Dadhikaghritha
- Dashamoolataila
- Mahapanchagavyaghritha
- Mushikadyataila
- Prabhanjanavimardanataila
- Shirashooladivajra rasa
- Danthyadyarishta
- Dashamoolapanchakoladikwathachoorna
- Dashamoolagritha
- Dhanwantharaghritha
- Lashunadighritha
- Mahavishagarbataila
- Rasnadikwathachoorna
- Sukumarghritha